Mensuration
Mensuration is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of geometric shapes and their measurements. It focuses on calculating the length, area, and volume of various figures. In simple terms, it tells us how big a shape is and how much space it occupies. We divide mensuration into two main parts: 2D and 3D. 2D mensuration deals with flat shapes like squares, rectangles, triangles, and circles.
Concepts (3)
A circle is defined by its radius (r), which is the distance from the center to the edge. The diameter (d) is the full width of the circle and is twice the radius. In competitive exams, circle questions often involve wheels.
A circle is defined by its radius (r), which is the distance from the center to the edge. The diameter (d) is the full width of the circle and is twice the radius. In competitive exams, circle questions often involve wheels. One full rotation of a wheel covers a distance equal to its circumference. A quarter turn covers 1/4th of the distance.
Rectangles and squares are four-sided figures. A rectangle has a length (L) and a breadth (B). A square is a special rectangle where all four sides are equal (S). Most exam questions ask about the area or the cost of fencing.
Rectangles and squares are four-sided figures. A rectangle has a length (L) and a breadth (B). A square is a special rectangle where all four sides are equal (S). Most exam questions ask about the area or the cost of fencing. For example, if a field is 10m long and 5m wide, its area is 50 sq. m. If leveling the ground costs Rs. 20 per sq. m, the total cost is 50 × 20 = Rs. 1000.
A rhombus is a four-sided shape where all sides have the same length, but the corners are not 90 degrees. It looks like a tilted square. Its area depends on the lengths of its two diagonals (d1 and d2).
A rhombus is a four-sided shape where all sides have the same length, but the corners are not 90 degrees. It looks like a tilted square. Its area depends on the lengths of its two diagonals (d1 and d2). For example, if the diagonals are 10 cm and 24 cm, the area is half of 10 times 24, which equals 120 sq. cm.
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